A researcher from the University of Saskatchewan is exploring the impact of wildfires and smoke on birds, specifically songbirds. Catherine Ivy, an assistant professor at the university’s college of arts and science and a bird enthusiast, is leading the study. She is intrigued by how birds manage their migratory flights and adapt their breathing in challenging environments.
Canada experienced its worst wildfire season on record in 2023 in terms of burned area, followed by the second-worst season in 2024 since 1995. While there is anecdotal evidence suggesting birds are affected by wildfire smoke, there is a lack of research on the topic. Ivy noted that while a single wildfire may not harm birds, repeated exposure could have adverse effects.
Despite extensive research on humans and lab animals regarding the health impacts of wildfire smoke exposure, there is limited knowledge about its effects on wildlife. Ivy emphasized the importance of understanding how smoke exposure could contribute to the decline in bird populations, especially concerning changes in migratory routes and potential respiratory issues affecting their ability to migrate effectively.
The research project will observe migratory birds flying long distances, comparing those exposed to wildfire smoke with those that are not. Ivy highlighted the gap in knowledge regarding the impact of smoke on animals that live outdoors year-round, contrasting with health recommendations for humans to avoid exposure to polluted air.
Funding for the project was provided by the Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council (NSERC) discovery grant program.