A Sudanese paramilitary force is currently engaged in a final showdown with remaining resistance in El Fasher, a city in Darfur that has been under an intense siege for 18 months. The potential capture of El Fasher by the Rapid Support Forces (RSF) threatens to solidify a division between rival military factions in the country. Concerns have been raised over the safety of approximately 250,000 residents still in the city and the possibility of escalating violence in other parts of Sudan.
Following the RSF’s announcement of seizing the army’s headquarters in El Fasher on Sunday, reports indicate that the paramilitary group has been detaining civilians fleeing to nearby areas. The International Organization for Migration reported that around 26,000 individuals have been displaced due to the conflict. Sources within the Sudanese military stated that thousands of army personnel and former rebel group members are currently surrounded by RSF fighters in western El Fasher.
Tom Fletcher, the UN’s emergency relief coordinator, expressed deep concern over the reported civilian casualties and forced displacements in El Fasher. He emphasized the urgent need for an immediate ceasefire to ensure the safety of trapped civilians who lack access to essential resources like food, healthcare, and security. Despite having life-saving aid ready for deployment, intensified hostilities have hindered humanitarian workers from reaching those in need.
There are fears that the RSF’s complete control over Darfur, where it has established a parallel government, could lead to detrimental consequences, potentially resulting in regional partition similar to situations in other conflict-affected regions. The RSF’s actions in Darfur could embolden further military offensives across Sudan, according to analysts.
The United Nations has warned against the proliferation of weapons and external interference in the conflict, highlighting the diminishing prospects for a peaceful resolution. Allegations have been made regarding the United Arab Emirates providing military support to the RSF, a claim the UAE denies. Without significant progress in peace talks, the situation could exacerbate existing food shortages, ethnic violence, and mass displacement.
Despite facing some setbacks, the RSF has made significant territorial gains, advancing towards strategic locations such as Bara in North Kordofan, which brings it closer to the capital, Khartoum. RSF leaders have expressed determination to extend their influence beyond El Fasher, aiming for a broader impact across Sudan.
As the conflict intensifies, concerns mount over the safety and well-being of civilians caught in the crossfire. Reports suggest that the RSF is directing displaced individuals to designated areas for setting up displacement camps. Eyewitnesses have witnessed civilians, including women and children, being escorted to these locations, raising fears of further humanitarian crises.
Amidst the escalating tensions, activists continue to warn of potential revenge attacks on the Zaghawa tribe and other vulnerable populations. Reports of violence and human rights abuses have surfaced, underscoring the need for immediate action to protect civilians and uphold humanitarian standards.